PIAAC Cycle 2 Framework
Literacy assessment
Definition: Literacy is accessing, understanding, evaluating and reflecting on written texts in order to achieve one’s goals, to develop one’s knowledge and potential and to participate in society.
- Cognitive processes
- Accessing text
- Understanding
- Evaluating
- Content dimension: Texts characterized by their
- Type (description, narration, exposition, argumentation, instruction, transaction)
- Format (continuous, noncontinuous, mixed)
- Organization (the amount of information and the density of content representation and access devices)
- Source (single vs. multiple texts)
- Context dimension
- Work and occupation
- Personal
- Social and civic
Numeracy assessment
Definition: Numeracy is accessing, using, and reasoning critically with mathematical content, information and ideas represented in multiple ways in order to engage in and manage the mathematical demands of a range of situations in adult life.
- Cognitive processes
- Access and assess situations mathematically
- Act on and use mathematics
- Evaluate, critically reflect, make judgements
- Content dimension
- Mathematical content information and ideas
- Quantity and number
- Space and shape
- Change and relationships
- Data and chance
- Mathematical representations
- Text or symbols
- Images of physical objects
- Structured information
- Dynamic applications
- Mathematical content information and ideas
- Context dimension
- Personal
- Work
- Societal/community
Adaptive Problem
Definition: Adaptive problem solving involves the capacity to achieve one’s goals in a dynamic situation, in which a method for solution is not immediately available. It requires engaging in cognitive and metacognitive processes to define the problem, search for information, and apply a solution in a variety of information environments and contexts.
- Content (task) dimensions
- Problem configuration
- Dynamics of the situation
- Features of the environment
- Information environment
- Cognitive processes
- Defining the problem
- Searching for a solution
- Applying the solution
- Context dimension
- Personal
- Work
- Social/community
Basic demographic characteristics and background of the respondents
- Demographic and social background: age, gender, country of birth, parents’ education, immigration status of the parents, etc.
- Household and family structure: number of persons, marital status, children, living with a partner, etc.
- Language background: first and second languages spoken, languages spoken at home, etc.
- Immigration status: age at which respondent immigrated, first or second generation, etc.
Educational attainment and participation in formal or informal education
- Educational experience: highest qualification, age at completion, field of study, currently studying, etc.
- Formal and informal studies in the previous year: which kind, reason for undertaking, total time, barriers for undertaking, etc.
Labor-force status, working history, and job traits
- Current activity: labor-force status
- Current job or most recent job: industry, occupation, type of contract, wages, etc.
- Work history: ever worked, had paid work in previous 12 months, had training, etc.
Skills used at work and in everyday life
- Cognitive skills: reading, writing, mathematics, and the use of information and communication technologies
- Generic work skills: interaction and social skills, physical skills, and learning skills
Social outcomes
- Trust
- Political efficacy
- Volunteering
- Health status
Quality of the work environment
Socio-emotional skills: based on the BIG-5 items