The TIMSS 2023 Longitudinal International Database (IDB) is now available. As the first longitudinal extension of TIMSS, the study followed students from Grade 4 to Grade 5 and from Grade 8 to Grade 9. The database contains student achievement and process data, as well as contextual information at the student, home, teacher, school, and national levels collected in 2023 and 2024. Comprehensive documentation will be provided to support secondary data analyses.