Teachers serve as mediators of classroom experience and dialogue, and as individuals delivering curriculum. Their education-related beliefs influence how they teach. After reviewing literature in English and in German, this article examines teachers’ beliefs about the aims of citizenship education in Austria and Switzerland using the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study. Latent class analysis identifies distinct teacher profiles associated with teachers’ characteristics and with teaching-related practices. Teachers who emphasize knowledge acquisition utilize assessments in their classes more frequently; those who prioritize critical thinking and argumentation are comparatively more likely to use civically stimulating pedagogy.