The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of a proposed mathematical enrichment program based on the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) framework for mathematical literacy. Mathematical literacy is essential because it helps students understand and use real-world mathematics frequently tested in many international assessments. PISA has received special attention because of its place on the national agenda of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which aspires to become a globally preeminent nation. This quantitative research employed a non-equivalent pre- and post-test quasi-experimental method. A mathematical literacy test was used to collect data from a sample of 102 students of 10th grade in the UAE. The findings revealed a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups and an effect size above the mean according to the covariate analysis. The female students recorded greater improvement than the males. Overall, the results obtained from this study revealed that implementing mathematics enrichment programs based on the PISA framework might be one of the solutions to enhance students' mathematical literacy.